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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 6 b1 L$ P& z- u. U9 F! N
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China! }7 K. C# c( _6 X
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
% r" [4 I2 r% a- D) l- k- rFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
* G) o+ Y# v' M: r. [9 t @5 K+ O+ G8 `0 A1 t% i4 {" \( u
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of' H; {3 y8 t: t# C
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.+ E2 k9 Y, h5 X+ }; V+ m
3 j% p& c1 b6 C. bSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
9 J* ], I o& s, yReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018+ V9 y# z3 l/ M$ @# S0 r
Published online 26 January 2018
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+ Z# V: o; b7 y2 DAbstract
! R7 s4 z2 Z+ x0 \John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing2 E" g3 p5 s3 e) f+ v A
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
4 X6 w8 N: z2 [9 pTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
9 b5 }5 g/ q* M/ d" bengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
- M) m8 y/ d1 s) O4 Sonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific& P5 _2 l ]7 r" J' z
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
/ u2 p4 p3 B+ y2 s* Sto the standardization of the scientific terminology
+ H4 v2 A. e5 m' m: T7 Htranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s0 J" |' s# S7 z2 W
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,0 L* o" D' N- G% U
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the ^: Z" L `# ?- |; x8 f
standardization of the scientific terminology translation' l: K' ?0 X/ n J/ Q4 m
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien5 R$ W1 ^9 t3 W5 M/ B
he established had helped greatly with the popularization @4 Q* w# c, V- {
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
: r' w2 V2 T5 \) y) U2 U" E2 bthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way0 i" ~: R; H. K
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
0 B& l" O/ ?3 D6 P# Xthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
) y4 B$ A4 h. Y6 Y2 W% u8 fgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
& f# Q9 I) Y4 D) M/ l1 hterminology.
5 E2 s! C' j1 M7 s4 H" mKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
. E. s) _# ?& pStandardization of terminology translation; \0 N% V, u* L. z+ ~) m6 [
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to9 H* k5 I. L! B
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
7 `5 W7 N# Y7 u L( {5 AChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
6 m9 w% S* E/ W! d# V9 ?; s- ^from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
" P9 z' ~% W" X. tDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213! [$ U1 h! P- D! m& V. N
/ w7 }$ A; N# S" P: r
7 S8 A* R8 B9 H2 T3 p) }$ T4 b' SINTRODUCTION
: Y2 r# P9 ?* \* g' r4 sJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
- B% l4 y; `& P: n, g- _% k- `/ L. Ta great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).; h5 Z( f& e* G$ p5 J2 @
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to- w8 X6 b/ W6 l3 D
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
7 O# T# [8 p0 A5 m. Y6 a3 gSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
; A, h8 _ g v0 ~5 F! O3 B2 b$ Dby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
" w) ?' I4 q' van editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
t; H! o5 C/ B2 ghis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
3 Z% W! s H `/ ?8 E; U& b* [0 T: d1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific% H! [5 u( A& i" S& D
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
% h' c7 @% L" X* O7 @, DFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
: @+ S; \" o4 g1 N/ a5 ?Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated8 x$ _- N# O: @8 L! k8 T
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
y, z9 x% N4 r% a, Twould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,4 u0 M3 `) b$ q8 x) |* q9 z
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
$ w6 s6 ~; S) ^1 w! E+ P h) WFryer translated more than one hundred of Western I5 G, Z. f' J$ C& G+ ^
books that made him the most productive one among the. `0 G) ?; P& x
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
$ Q4 `3 x9 E2 c# o! Otranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
4 ?2 |5 k+ p9 Knoble work which could help accelerate the process of
% L5 q( e' z- ~# |5 s* n: c3 Fpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).9 M% L# b1 u! w8 I, l0 K
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
- k6 V2 U: ?7 e0 v+ Nalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western: y; O0 {- a: l
science and the standardization of translated scientific9 A( f3 \# j/ S, k5 I& r& u
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
" V) A W) D: N. Umagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
7 s o8 n- D( [establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another( { e' P. I; r# I2 G
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
/ H8 o+ z0 U) V+ rof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in; q3 o3 F- t' Y, `9 v+ n G- k
Modern China.
) b9 C9 Y3 e* t- E9 i0 N5 a8 WAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published0 i: Z' }3 S3 @
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
) m, z" W) n% `7 ?- [$ F& {) X: Btravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing1 f. B$ o+ |& W
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In0 I% P% Y/ C1 A% ^
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
& f& l. n, _4 \. S5 STechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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