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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 5 ~- [7 H( ?; i7 R
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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' U1 ^3 I1 |+ y) d/ {0 IJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
: g8 A/ @& t0 u3 vYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
+ S, @2 h K6 M d' D, \Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.8 b3 m; N" ]: S% a& L1 q$ Y( z, |
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of# c; ^; P( y( V& ?& P
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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# A4 k1 h; ]; N5 U3 NSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .% S* W; q- M( {0 r1 b$ z' W7 L
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018: Y' f6 m+ [7 U1 R
Published online 26 January 2018: o6 T9 Y( V5 e% i6 D, K
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John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing1 {7 A. |9 s6 k ?7 N
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
, r) b' z0 y8 a$ Q: V# X3 `4 e: U% [Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been" z$ e. r+ `! l3 r! ~5 q
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not5 A# n$ O. W/ G
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
' c6 L# {5 i) m2 i6 B( }works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
[/ u3 g) K, H5 P0 fto the standardization of the scientific terminology
+ j, V# M5 R8 Ctranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s5 @9 j* N/ U5 b1 w6 H
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,% j* X. `1 B, w; r" l9 E
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the" I0 V/ m- ~1 M3 { P2 h5 `
standardization of the scientific terminology translation, ]! g+ _3 w( z( G5 O1 D" f2 w
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
/ @5 a2 M5 k" a) c# w1 ]$ mhe established had helped greatly with the popularization. g r8 `7 @0 T/ }/ B4 G" q
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring% t/ _- i3 V. o0 }
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
+ l+ U1 w/ C3 E% I T6 [for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
- C; V4 p1 p. h6 Ethat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
6 R2 n: |. Q6 f% Q1 m, _) @, \great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific/ ?( k* Z& V; _# e$ L3 @
terminology.
% y' q# A! g1 W# }: E8 C* g0 pKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
6 L0 q2 \; U! x1 P* L" `- SStandardization of terminology translation% A7 I% T' ^* y) w
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to1 |# N y) `' `5 I4 g
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
* _. w0 \6 {" Q- OChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available% r- L+ m, n# Y1 q2 Y( S }; H# F
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102136 b( @7 l* i L* k' O B
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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' L" q2 A- r7 S% pINTRODUCTION5 [' R4 ^5 }& H9 o/ w8 o
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
0 O r& c3 h5 o- D7 j5 I5 Y2 Ca great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912). f. i1 N0 Y+ Y5 J
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
" p5 S3 L+ z2 i" jHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
3 {2 R" `0 q5 A$ R( n( Y4 dSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
% ~* w* V" J1 A* f4 }( q" G$ K: Z6 a" mby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
9 W# |) |1 U/ j9 a3 [1 san editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
2 w1 c# \7 L `8 zhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-$ Y; O7 y0 v$ n" J; |6 ^
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific* ~! E' o7 g p$ z# v3 ^/ D0 o
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
9 L, J" _. j6 c! W* w TFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.$ ], l `$ J8 W; } `+ U4 n9 R
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated G" @# E* s4 c" L5 M0 h7 S; t
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
T0 S+ L! s2 k! Twould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
! l# @, P2 o: S$ \& m7 Vrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
s: j/ c7 }4 P7 z* l, }9 EFryer translated more than one hundred of Western6 l V3 g7 i6 y- ^& L2 S$ `
books that made him the most productive one among the4 M( [( `: ^; F. Y
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
) y/ k3 q2 Q" h. F2 Mtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
& G- A' c6 Z3 @; I2 p* cnoble work which could help accelerate the process of; e3 q2 E$ r V3 p
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).( [" z* R2 A0 i# |5 P
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
' s* z" [/ f1 t& Malso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western: V1 t" @" @, L7 Q. i. V j- m# }
science and the standardization of translated scientific4 C" [$ ]9 i0 A, U7 \4 r
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific- K ?7 G+ J' \! o
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
* F7 u" T- I2 e d2 V) Kestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
2 ~% v: Z3 t+ D3 u+ R+ rcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
- Y, V" A7 R3 Y1 A$ m5 h+ Mof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in) f; h/ j( s5 N4 O6 U* z
Modern China.
3 `- [0 d! n0 NAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
5 H4 w) ?9 r! S) J% ], HThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
& c( Q- M5 b7 j# |travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
9 T2 _) p' G7 n; la lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In3 g' K$ `* g" N0 F) Q" i
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and6 ?" ^9 a, S) e& `0 c& _
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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